Hispanic Nation: Culture, politics and the construction of Identity.
Now I imagine the word nation conjures up the
image of a physical space,
or a sovereign territory. The electronic
media has changed that traditional relationship. It has done that "by serving the traditional
link between physical location and social situation." This holds more true for
the Hispanic community than any other group in America today.
"Today television and the newer communications create a virtual Hispanic-land...viewers of Spanish language television news and entrainment sees one continuous Hispanic territory that stretches across the United states and all the way to Spain and nineteen Spanish speaking countries..."
Geoffrey Fox takes us
through the history of this group's trials and tribulations from the Spanish
conquest to their many struggles involving many groups, that were instruments
in forging this virtual nation.
Political anthropologist Benedict Anderson define "nation" as "an imagined
political community...it is imagined as bound by language and traditions and
endowed with certain political rights. The members do not all know one another
personally and may, in fact, have very little in common beyond the language
and a few of their traditions... Imagining the new
community is made easier by the new communications technology, including
television and post-television media, such as the internet and online
computer services... Spanish language
television has become part of a united audience, learning of the same events
and hearing their language spoken in relatively homogenous accents... and on
television the imagined community also has faces. Earlier imagined
communities had been based on a shared faith, such as the fellowship of
Christians, or a myth of common ancestry, but not on language. Most
communities were not imagined so much as experienced; that is one's
community was simply made up of people one saw and dealt with everyday. Hispanics or Latinos Hispanics, Latinos are these terms interchangeable? What or
who defines them? In chapter 2 of this book called "Counting" Geoffrey Fox
addresses this conundrum. "Hispanics," the
census bureau remind us..."can be of any race, religion, and any citizen
ship status, from undocumented to U.S citizen by birth, and may have any of
twenty distinct national histories. They do not
even share the same first language... in contemporary American ethno speak
Hispanic is any person who either speaks Spanish as a first language or had
some ancestor who did, even if this person speaks only English. Other definitions I've heard suggested that all Latin
American people living in the U.S are Latino, anywhere else there're
Hispanic. Some even suggest Filipinos as Hispanic, as a result of their long
occupation by the Spaniards.. Earlier in the third paragraph we learned that the
electronic media [Spanish television] in principle, is pivotal in creating a
virtual "Hispanics-land," So now the question arises. How are the many
Hispanics who do not speak or even understand Spanish connected? In chapter one "Imagining a nation," (it what seems a bit
dismissive) Fox uses the term "Unity of Language," as the most important
constituent of the Hispanic nation. "The language, is a mark of membership.
It is also a source of pride, because it connects U.S Hispanics -- even
those who barley speak and read [Spanish] to a prestigious literary
tradition...."Today's Americans of Spanish speaking ancestry who do not
speak the language try to learn it and most want they children to learn
it.... Probably as a result of America's
occupation with the pigeonholing of Spanish speaking peoples (as well as, other groups). Some would rather be referred to by their
nationality. In my personal experience, response to the question regarding
Hispanic or Latino probably depends on how it's framed. But who are these folk that represent the fastest growing
segment of America's population? This seems to rest on weather you are
looking out, or looking in. But quite frankly, I find that even from the
inside this issue has yet to be resolved .
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In the book:
From Bomba to Hip-hop: Puerto Rican culture and Latino Identity, by Juan Flores. Flores' focus is on a Latino community,
mentioning Hispanic only in broad cultural terms. And rejects any notion
that "Latinos are of common stock and circumstances." |
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